UNESCO World Heritage Sites. What are the categories? Have you visited any of these? Why is it important?
WORLD HERITAGE SITE
Landmark/area protected by UNESCO
Cultural, historical, scientific, or some other form of significance.
Outstanding to huamanity.
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Have you heard of UNESCO World Heritage Sites?
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Which site have you visited? If multiple, tell us your favourite.
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As of August 2022 there are ___ World Heritage Sites
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The country with the most WHS is...
CONSERVATION
Otherwise risks from human/animal trespassing, lack of monitoring, uncontrolled or restricted access, threat from negligence.
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The most visited WHS is...
UNESCO
United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation
Promotes world peace through education, arts, sciences, and cultures
193 member states and 12 associate members
HQ in Paris, France
Founded in 1945 following League of Nation's International Committee
WHS HISTORY
1954 Egypt - new dam which would flood a large stretch of the Nile valley with cultural treasures
The governments of Egypt and Sudan requested help
Countries contributed to the campaign
CRITERIA
Outstanding universal value
Until 2004 six sets of criteria
Now must meet at least one of 10 criteria
i. "To represent a masterpiece of human creative genius"
Eg. Taj Mahal, India
White marble mausoleum
Built between 1631-1648 in memory of the emperor's wife
Greatest architectural achievement in Indo-Islamic architecture
ii. "To exhibit an important interchange of human values, over a span of time or within a cultural area of the world, on developments in architecture or technology, monumental arts, town-planning or landscape design"
Eg. Speyer Cathedral, Germany
Basilica with 4 towers and 2 domes
Founded in 1030
iii. "To bear a unique or at least exceptional testimony to a cultural tradition or to a civilization which is living or which has disappeared"
Eg. Ayutthaya, Thailand
Founded 1530, second Siamese capital
Destroyed by the Burmese 18th cent.
iv. "To be an outstanding example of a type of building, architectural or technological ensemble or landscape which illustrates (a) significant stage(s) in human history"
Eg. Viñales Valley, Cuba
Traditional techniques for agriculture, particularly tobacco
Rich multi-ethnic society, showing the cultural development of the Caribbean
v. "To be an outstanding example of a traditional human settlement, land-use, or sea-use which is representative of a culture (or cultures), or human interaction with the environment especially when it has become vulnerable under the impact of irreversible change"
Eg. Asante Traditional Buildings, Ghana
Last material remains of the Asante civilization
Reached its high point in the 18th century
Dwellings of earth, wood, and straw
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Which of the sites so far do you want to visit?
vi. "To be directly or tangibly associated with events or living traditions, with ideas, or with beliefs, with artistic and literary works of outstanding universal significance"
Eg. Rila Monastery, Bulgaria
Founded in 10th century
Hermit saint - tomb became a holy site
Bulgarian Renaissance style
vii. "To contain superlative natural phenomena or areas of exceptional natural beauty and aesthetic importance"
Eg. Kilimanjaro National Park, Tanzania
Africa's highest point 5,895m
Volcano in isolation
Endangered species live in the park
viii. "To be outstanding examples representing major stages of earth's history, including the record of life, significant on-going geological processes in the development of landforms, or significant geomorphic or physiographic features"
Eg. Great Barrier Reef, Australia
World's largest coral reefs
1,500 species of fish
ix. "To be outstanding examples representing significant on-going ecological and biological processes in the evolution and development of terrestrial, fresh water, coastal and marine ecosystems and communities of plants and animals"
Eg. Ogasawara Islands, Japan
30 islands with a wealth of fauna
Special ecosystem
x. "To contain the most important and significant natural habitats for in-situ conservation of biological diversity, including those containing threatened species of outstanding universal value from the point of view of science or conservation"
Eg. Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries
30% of the world's pandas
Botanically rich sites
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Which do you want to visit of the previous 5?
Go check out what sites are near where you live, or where you are going on holiday next!
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